CHAPTER
I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Problem
There are four skills in teaching English
in a university. They are writing, reading, listening, and speaking. To support
the skills, all components of the language namely structure, vocabulary,
spelling and pronunciation are taught.
In some countries, although English is
not the mother tongue of the majority of in habitants, it may be used as the
medium of instruction or as a foreign language. As a second language, English
is also spoken Banyumas people for practical activities of various kinds.
Banyumas have their language as their first language rather than having
Indonesian language as the first language. Concerning that the native language
or the mother tongue is indeed a very important factor in second language
learning. Their accent will be distinctively recognized because they produce a
different pronunciation. The differences will be seen clearly through features
of intonation, word stress, vowels, and consonants. Based on this assumption,
as variations differences rely on the kind of community, the writer is curious
to find out Banyumas accent might affect their English pronunciation.
From the phenomenon in University of
Muhammadiyah Purworejo, we can see several students of English department come
from Banyumas use facility spelling in their English conversation. They tend to
use sharp a vowel in their Javanese language and transfer this accent in to
their English.
As one of the components of the
language, pronunciation has an important role in English, especially in
speaking and listening. Each language has its own pronunciation system. Vowel,
diphthongs, consonants, sequence of sounds permitted, prosodies or supra segmental
features are different between one to another language. No two different
language have truly similar pronunciation system.
In Indonesian language, word stress is
not so important that it can differentiate or change the meaning of word. The word
“sepeda” , (bicycle), if necessary, can be pronounced [se’peda], [‘sepeda],
[se’pe’da], or [sepeda] without changing the meaning. Indonesian does not have
long vowels either so that we the word above can be pronounced [se:peda],
[sepe:da], [sepeda:] or [se:pe:da:]. While in English, word stress and long vowels can change the
meaning the word “import” with stress in the first syllable is a noun and when
the stress is the second syllable it becomes a verb.
The differences become the problems of
most Indonesian learners and they hinder them to have a good English
pronunciation. They will influence both their speaking and their listening
competence. Their English is influence by their Indonesian. Their pronounce English
doubtly or even wrongly so that their oral English is difficult to understand.
B. Reason for Choosing the Topic
Indonesian people are getting sure of the important of English
as the required language to get bigger space on earth. In contrast, it is still
a hard thing to achieve the proficiency of speaking English. We need something
to make English as an easier to master about.
There are reasons for English to define as a difficult thing
to cope with. One of the most common reasons is the position of English as a
foreign language. Many things are have to fulfill first as the adjustment.
Especially for Banyumas
people which they have their own accent. Banyumas accent often faces some
difficulties in learning pronunciation. Moreover pronunciation is the most
important part in learning speaking English. One time we cannot pronounce well,
native speaker will not understand what we said.
In order to make an
advance, here, the writer will describe what English consonant and vowels
phoneme which are not there in Javanese language of Banyumas and describe the
difficulties of Banyumas in learning pronunciation so that teacher is expected
will find an effective way in teaching speaking, especially for Banyumas
students.
C. The Identification of the Problem
The
differences between a native and foreign language can be seen from the sounds
of the foreign language, which do not exist in the native language and the
sounds that are pronounced differently. (Mackey,2003:21). It sounds can be
classified into :
1.
Segmental Sounds
The
problem covers the members of the sounds, the symbols of the sounds used the
classification, the way production, the spelling systems, and the differences of the two sound systems.
2.
Suprasegmental Sounds
The
problem covers the elements of suprasegmental sounds, the symbols used, the way
of production, the rule to use them, and the meaning of suprasegmental
features.
To
represent sounds into written from. Experts have made a set of symbol that it
called phonetics transcription. There are two kinds of phonetic transcriptions
that are generally used : broad transcription and narrow transcription. Broad
transcription is transcription avoid ambiguity. The letter is narrow or close
transcription, which attempts to represent sounds more precisely and uses some
additional symbols or modified marks. One can use both or one of them depending
on his need.
D. The Limitation of the Problem
Based on the problem identification, it
is evident that the discussion about sound differences between Indonesian as a
native language and English as a foreign language is very complicated. It
consists of segmental sounds and Suprasegmental sounds that are too wide to be
discussed simultaneously. Because of the limited ability and time of the
writer, the topic of this paper is limited to the difficulties of Banyumas student
in learning English pronunciation.
E. The Statement of the Problem
Based of the limitation of the problem above, the
writer formulates the problem that become the research question of the study.
These are presented as follows:
- What English
Vowel and Consonant phonemes that are not found in Banyumas?
- What
are the difficulties of Banyumas student in pronounce English word?
F. The Objective of the Study
The objective of this paper are :
1. To
describe English vowel and Consonant that phonemes
are not found in the Javanese Language of Banyumas
2. To
describe the difficulties of Banyumas student in pronounce English word.
G. The Significance of the Study
Finding of the study are expected to
bring about significances in number of ways. Among others the following significances are possible:
1.
This study may be of some used to
students, teachers, and all of the learners in developing speaking ability
2.
The findings of this study is hoped to
give contribution for other writers who are interested in any of concepts and
problem arising of this study becoming a reference .
if if you want to see full thesis download here chapter I,II,III,IV
if
